Nhau

Mupfungwa yakafara, kunzwisisa kwedu kwegirazi kwagara kuri kwekuti iyo isorganic isiri-simbi yezvinyorwa, asi nekuwedzera kwekutsvagisa, isu tinoziva kuti kune akawanda marudzi emachira egirazi, uye vane mashandiro akanaka, uye kune zvakawanda zvakanakira zvakanakira. Semuenzaniso, simba rayo rekuita rakanyanya kukwirira, uye kupokana kwaro kupisa uye kuramba kupesana kwakanyanya kunonyanya kunaka. Ichokwadi kuti hapana zvinhu zvakakwana, uye girazi fiber zvakare zvine zvaro zvaro izvo zvisingazofuratirwe, kureva kuti, hazvisi zvekupfekera uye zvinopesana nekuita kuti vabatike. Naizvozvo, kushandisa zvinoshanda, tinofanira kushandisa simba redu uye kudzivirira kushaya simba kwedu.

Iyo yakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa zvegirazi fiber zviri nyore kuwana, inonyanya kuraswa girazi rekare kana zvigadzirwa zvegirazi. Iyo girazi fiber yakanaka kwazvo, uye anopfuura makumi maviri egirazi monofilenti pamwe chete zvakaenzana nehukobvu hwebvudzi. Girazi fiber rinowanzo kushandiswa seinosimbisa zvinhu mune zvigadzirwa zvemari. Nekuda kwekunyepedzera kwekutsvakisisa kwegirazi rekutsvaga mumakore achangopfuura, rinotora basa rinowedzera kukosha mukugadzira kwedu uye hupenyu. Zvinyorwa zvishoma zvinotevera zvinonyanya kutsanangura maitiro ekugadzira uye kushandiswa kwegirazi fiber. Chinyorwa ichi chinosvitsa zvivakwa, zvikamu zvikuru, hunhu hukuru, uye kudzika kwegirazi yegirazi fiber. Zvinyorwa zvishoma zvinotevera zvichakurukura maitiro ayo ekugadzira, kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza, kushandiswa kukuru, kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza, mashandiro eindasitiri uye tarisiro yekuvandudza inotsanangurwa.

Intbroction

1.1 girazi fiber zvivakwa

Chimwe chinhu chakanaka kwazvo chegirazi fiber ndiyo yakakwirira kwazvo Simba simba, iyo inogona kusvika 6.9g / d mu standard state uye 5.8g / d mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyorova. Zvivakwa zvakadai zvakanaka zvinoita girazi fiber kazhinji inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nekusimbisa zvinhu. Iyo ine density ye2,54. Girazi fiber zvakare inopisa kwazvo kupisa-inopesana, uye inochengetedza zvivakwa zvayo zvakajairwa pa 300 ° C. Fiberglass dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa zvakanyanya seyakanyanya kusimbisirwa uye yekuvhara zvinhu uye nekuvhara zvinhu, nekuda kwezvivakwa zvemagetsi zvemagetsi uye kutadza kwayo kugadzikana nyore.

1.2 Main Zvinosanganiswa

Kuumbwa kwegirazi fiber haina kuoma. Kazhinji, zvinhu zvikuru zvinozivikanwa nemunhu wese Silica, Magnesium oxide, Sodium oxide, Boron oxide, aluminium oxide, calcium oxide uye zvichingodaro. Iyo Disamita yeMonofiling of Girazi Fiber iri anenge gumi microons, iyo yakaenzana ne1 /0 yeyakagwinya yebvudzi. Imwe neimwe bheji yemachira inoumbwa nezviuru zvevanonzi monoliments. Maitiro ekudhirowa ari kusiyana zvishoma. Kazhinji, zviri mukati meSilica muGlass Filber Akaunti ye50% kusvika 65%. Simba regirazi regirazi rine aluminium oxide nezvinhu pamusoro pe20% rakakwirira-rakakwirira-dzimba dzegirazi, nepo aluminium mhou-yemahara girazi filers kazhinji inenge 15%. Kana iwe uchida kuita kuti girazi fiber ine yakakura elastic modulus, iwe unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvirimo zveMagnesium oxide yakakura kupfuura 10%. Nekuda kweiyo girazi fiber ine chidiki chidiki cheFerric oxide, kupokana kwayo kwakashata kwakavandudzwa kumadhigirii akasiyana.

1.3 Zvikuru Zvinyorwa

1.3.1 Zvishandiso zvakagadzirwa uye zvinoshandiswa

Kuenzaniswa neInorganic filvers, zvivakwa zvegirazi mabara zvakakura zvakanyanya. Zvinonyanya kuoma kusanganisa, kupisa-kupesana, kupisa-kusimbisa, kugadzikana, uye kuwanda-kuramba. Asi iyo brittle uye ine murombo kupfeka kuramba. Yaishandiswa kugadzira mapurasitiki akasimbiswa kana kushandiswa kusimbisa rabara, sekusimbisa zvinhu zvegirazi girazi rine maitiro anotevera:

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(2) iyo elastic coefficient inokodzera kwazvo.

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(5) Hazvisi nyore kutora mvura.

(6) kupisa-kupesana uye kugadzikana mune zvakasikwa, zvisiri nyore kuita.

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(8) inogona kuendesa chiedza.

(9) Nekuti izvo zvinoshandiswa zviri nyore kuwana, mutengo haudhura.

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1.4 Kugadziriswa

Zvinoenderana nemitemo yakasiyana yekuenzanisa, girazi fiber inogona kukamurwa kuva marudzi mazhinji. Maererano nemhando dzakasiyana uye urefu, zvinogona kukamurwa kuva matatu marudzi: kuenderera mberi fibers, fiber machira uye akagadziriswa-kureba-tsoka. Zvinoenderana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana, zvakadai seyakagadzirwa neAlkali, inogona kukamurwa kuita matatu marudzi: Alkali-yemahara girazi fiber, yepakati-alkali girazi fiber, uye yakakwirira-alkali girazi fiber.

1.5 Production Raw Zvigadzirwa

Mukugadzirwa chaiko kwemaindasitiri, kuitira kuti tigadzire girazi fiber, tinoda Alumina, quartz jecha, Lolomite, Soda

1.6 Production Nzira

Nzira dzekugadzira maindasitiri dzinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: imwe ndeyekunyungudika girazi kutanga, wobva waita spherical kana tsvimbo-yakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa zvine madiki madiki madiki. Zvadaro, inotsveneswa uye yakanyungudutswa nenzira dzakasiyana dzekuita mafuru akanaka neyakajaira ye3-80 μm. Imwe mhando zvakare yakanyungudutsa girazi kutanga, asi inoburitsa mafaira egirazi panzvimbo yetsvimbo kana speres. Iyo sampu yakabva yadhonzwa kuburikidza nePlatin Alloy Plate uchishandisa nzira yekudhirowa yekudhirowa. Zvinyorwa zvinokonzeresa zvinonzi zvinoenderera mberi fibers. Kana machira akakweverwa kuburikidza neRoller gadziriro, zvinyorwa zvinokonzeresa zvinonzi zvinokatyamadzwa mafambiro, anozivikanwawo seyecheka-kusvika-kusvika-kusvika-kusvika-marara, uye marara akaomarara.

1.7 grading

Maererano neakasiyana manyoro, shandisa uye zvivakwa zvegirazi fiber, zvakakamurwa mumakiredhi akasiyana. Magirazi egirazi ayo anga ari kutengeserana pasi rese zviri seinotevera:

1.7.1 E-Girazi

Iyo ine girazi rekutamba, iro rinonziwo alkali-remahara girazi muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Nekuda kwezvakawanda zvakanakira, ndidzo inonyanya kushandiswa. Parizvino parizvino inoshandiswa zvakanyanya, kunyangwe ikashandiswa zvakanyanya, asi zvakare haina kana zvikanganiso zvisingadzivisike. Inotsanangura zviri nyore nemaronda emukati, saka zvakaoma kuchengeta munzvimbo yemukati.

1.7.2 C-Girazi

Mukugadzirwa chaiko, inonzi zvakare pakati nepakati girazi reAlkali, iyo ine nzvimbo dzakagadzikana chemakemikari uye yakanaka acid kuramba. Izvo zvakaipa izvo ndezvekuti simba rechaneti harisi rakakwirira uye maitiro emagetsi ane murombo. Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzine zviyero zvakasiyana. Muindasitiri yegoridhe yegoridhe, hapana chinhu cheBoron chiri muChikamu Alkali Girazi. Asi muindasitiri yegoridhe yegirazi, izvo zvavanogadzira ndewekuti svikiro alkali girazi rine Boron. Kwete chete izvo zvemukati zvakasiyana, asiwo chikamu chakarongwa negirini-alkali girazi kumba uye kunze kwenyika zvakare zvakasiyana zvakare. Iyo yegirazi fiber sosi yemabhiza uye girazi fiber rods yakabudiswa kunze kwenyika yakagadzirwa nedanho reSpelium Alkali Alkali. Mukugadzira, pakati pegirazi alkali girazi zvakare rinoshandawo mune asphalt. Munyika yangu, chikonzero chacho ndechekuti chakashandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera, uye zvinoshanda kwese mumuchina wekuputira nemachira efaira.

Fiberglass tsvimbo

1.7.3 girazi fiber girazi

Mukugadzira, vanhu zvakare vanoidaidzawo girazi repamusoro, iro riri reSodium siltirate girazi, asi nekuda kwekuramba kwemvura, kazhinji hazvigone kugadzirwa segirazi fiber.

1.7.4 fiberglass d girazi

Iyo inonzi zvakare dielectric girazi uye kazhinji kazhinji ndiyo huru yezvinhu zvinyorwa zve dielectric girazi.

1.7.5 girazi fiber yakakwira-simba girazi

Simba rayo riri 1/4 yakakwirira kupfuura iyo e-e-girazi fiber, uye iyo elastic modulus yakakwira kupfuura iyo ye e-girazi fiber. Nekuda kwezvakanyanya zvakakwanisika, zvinofanirwa kushandiswa zvakanyanya, asi nekuda kwemutengo wakakura, parizvino zvakare inoshandiswawo mune dzimwe minda yakakosha, sindasanhau remauto, kufananidzira uye zvichingodaro.

1.7.5 girazi fiber ar girazi

Iyo inonziwo Alkali-inodzivirira girazi fiber, iyo iri yakachena inorganic fiber uye inoshandiswa sekusimbisa mabhuku egirazi mune yegirazi yakasimbiswa kongiri. Pasi pemamwe mamiriro, inogona kunyange kutsiva simbi uye asbestos.

1.7.6 girazi fiber e-cl girazi

Iyo yakagadziridzwa buron-yemahara uye alkali-isina girazi. Nekuti kupokana kwaro kwemvura kunenge kanenge kagumi zvakakwirira kupfuura izvo zveAlkali-isina girazi fiber, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemvura. Uyezve, kupokana kwaro kwakasimbawo kwakasimba, uye kunogara chinzvimbo chakasimba mukugadzirwa uye kushandisa kwepasi pevhu papiline. Kuwedzera kune iyo yakajairika girazi flabers at ataurwa pamusoro apa, masayendisiti akagadzira mari nyowani yegirazi fiber. Nekuti icho chigadzirwa chepamhepo, chinogutsa kutsvaga kwevanhu kwekudzivirira nharaunda. Mumakore achangopfuura, kune imwe mhando yegirazi fiber iyo inonyanya kufarirwa, iyo iri girazi fiber ine mbiri girazi. Muzvigadzirwa zvemagirazi zviripo, tinogona kuona kuvapo kwaro.

1.8 Kuzivikanwa kwegirazi filers

Nzira yekusiyanisa girazi miteji inonyanya nyore, ndiko kuti, kuisa girazi machira mumvura, kupisa kusvikira mvura yemvura, uye ichichengeta kwemaawa matanhatu-manomwe. Kana iwe ukaona kuti iyo warp uye weft mafambiro egirazi mabheji anova mashoma compact, yakakwira Alkali girazi girazi. . Zvinoenderana nemitemo yakasiyana, kune akawanda nzira dzekuenzanisa dzegirazi mabheya, ayo anowanzo kupatsanurwa kubva pamaonero ehurefu uye kuumbwa, kuumbwa uye kuita.

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