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Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvese zvinosanganiswa nesimbi dzinosimbisa uye purasitiki. Basa re resin muzvinhu zvakasanganiswa rakakosha. Kusarudzwa kwe resin kunosarudza nzira dzakasiyana dzekuita, mamwe maitiro emuchina uye mashandiro (maitiro ekupisa, kupisa, kuramba kwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo), maitiro e resin chinhu chakakosha pakunzwisisa maitiro emuchina wezvinhu zvakasanganiswa. Kana resin yasarudzwa, hwindo rinoona huwandu hwemaitiro uye maitiro e composite rinozviongorora otomatiki. Thermosetting resin imhando ye resin inowanzoshandiswa ye resin matrix composites nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kwakanaka. Thermoset resin inenge iri mvura chete kana kuti semi-solid patembiricha yemumba, uye mupfungwa, yakafanana nema monomers anoumba thermoplastic resin pane thermoplastic resin iri mumamiriro ekupedzisira. Thermosetting resin dzisati dzaporeswa, dzinogona kugadziriswa kuita maumbirwo akasiyana, asi kana dzaporeswa uchishandisa curing agents, initiators kana heat, hadzigone kuumbwa zvakare nekuti chemical bonds dzinoumbwa panguva yekupisa, zvichiita kuti mamorekuru madiki anoshandurwa kuita ma three-dimensional cross-linked rigid polymers ane mamorekuru akakwirira.

Kune marudzi akawanda emaresini ethermosetting, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya maresini ephenolic,maresini epoxy, maresini ebhis-horse, masirinji evinyl, maresini ephenolic, nezvimwewo.

(1) Phenolic resin iresin yekutanga inogadzirisa thermosetting ine kunamira kwakanaka, inodzivirira kupisa zvakanaka uye ine hunhu hwe dielectric mushure mekuoma, uye hunhu hwayo hwakanaka hunodzivirira moto zvakanaka, mwero wakaderera wekuburitsa kupisa, hutsi hwakaderera, uye kupisa. Gasi rinoburitswa harina chepfu yakawanda. Kugona kushandiswa zvakanaka, uye zvikamu zvechinhu chinosanganiswa zvinogona kugadzirwa nekuumba, kumonera, kurongedza nemaoko, kupfapfaidza, uye pultrusion process. Nhamba yakawanda yezvinhu zvinosanganiswa zvakagadzirwa ne phenolic resin zvinoshandiswa mukushongedza mukati mendege dzehurumende.

(2)Resin ye epoxyimhando yekare ye resin matrix inoshandiswa muzvimiro zvendege. Inoratidzwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogadzirisa kupisa zvinogona kuwana tembiricha inobvira kubva patembiricha yemukamuri kusvika 180 ℃; ine hunhu hwepamusoro hwemakanika; Mhando yakanaka yekufananidza fiber; kuramba kupisa nehunyoro; kusimba kwakanyanya; kugadzirwa kwakanaka (kufukidza kwakanaka, viscosity ye resin iri pakati nepakati, kuyerera kwakanaka, bandwidth yakamanikidzwa, nezvimwewo); yakakodzera kuumbwa kwezvikamu zvikuru pamwe chete; yakachipa. Maitiro akanaka ekuumba uye kusimba kwakanyanya kwe epoxy resin zvinoita kuti ive nenzvimbo yakakosha mu resin matrix yezvinhu zvepamusoro zvinosanganisa.

(3)Vinyl resininozivikanwa seimwe yemaresini akasimba anodzivirira ngura. Inogona kutsungirira maasidhi akawanda, alkalis, munyu uye solvent media yakasimba. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira mapepa, indasitiri yemakemikari, zvemagetsi, peturu, kuchengetera nekutakura, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, ngarava, Indasitiri yeMotokari yeMarambi. Ine hunhu hwepolyester isina kuguta uye epoxy resin, saka ine hunhu hwakanaka hwe epoxy resin uye mashandiro akanaka e polyester isina kuguta. Kuwedzera pakudzivirira ngura kwakanyanya, rudzi urwu rweresin runewo kudzivirira kupisa kwakanaka. Inosanganisira mhando yakajairika, mhando yekupisa kwakanyanya, mhando yemurazvo inodzivisa moto, mhando yekudzivirira kukanganiswa nedzimwe mhando. Kushandiswa kwevinyl resin mupurasitiki yakasimbiswa nefiber (FRP) kunonyanya kuenderana nemaoko, kunyanya mukushandiswa kwekudzivirira ngura. Nekuvandudzwa kweSMC, kushandiswa kwayo panyaya iyi kunoonekwawo.

(4) Bismaleimide resin yakagadziriswa (inonzi bismaleimide resin) yakagadzirwa kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvemajeti matsva ehondo ecomposite resin matrix. Izvi zvinosanganisira: zvikamu zvakakura uye maprofile akaomarara pa130 ℃ Kugadzirwa kwezvikamu, nezvimwewo. Kana tichienzanisa ne epoxy resin, Shuangma resin inonyanya kuratidzwa nehunyoro hwakanyanya uye kuramba kupisa uye tembiricha yepamusoro yekushanda; dambudziko nderekuti kugadzirwa kwayo hakuna kunaka se epoxy resin, uye tembiricha yekupisa yakanyanya (inodziya kupfuura 185 ℃), uye inoda tembiricha ye200 ℃. Kana kwenguva yakareba patembiricha iri pamusoro pe200 ℃.
(5) Cyanide (qing diacoustic) ester resin ine dielectric constant yakaderera (2.8~3.2) uye dielectric loss tangent diki kwazvo (0.002~0.008), high glass transition temperature (240~290℃), Low shrinkage, low mwando absorption, mechanical properties uye bonding properties, nezvimwewo, uye ine processing technology yakafanana ne epoxy resin.
Parizvino, ma cyanate resins anonyanya kushandiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: mabhodhi edunhu akadhindwa ezvinhu zvedhijitari zvinomhanya uye zvinomhanya-mhanya, zvinotumira mafungu zvine simba uye zvinhu zvemuchadenga zvine simba repamusoro.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, epoxy resin, mashandiro eepoxy resin haana chekuita nemamiriro ekugadzira chete, asiwo anonyanya kutsamira pachimiro chemamorekuru. Boka reglycidyl mu epoxy resin chikamu chinochinjika, chinogona kuderedza viscosity yeresin uye kuvandudza mashandiro eprocess, asi panguva imwe chete kuderedza kupisa kweresin yakacheneswa. Nzira huru dzekuvandudza hunhu hwekupisa uye hwemakanika hwema epoxy resin akacheneswa nderehuremu hwakaderera uye multifunctionalization yekuwedzera crosslink density uye kuunza zvimiro zvakasimba. Ehe, kuunzwa kwechimiro chakasimba kunotungamira kudzikira kwekunyungudika uye kuwedzera viscosity, izvo zvinotungamira kudzikira kwe epoxy resin process performance. Maitiro ekuvandudza tembiricha resistance ye epoxy resin chinhu chakakosha zvikuru. Kubva pamaonero e resin ne curing agent, mapoka anoshanda zvakanyanya, crosslinking density inowedzera. Kushanda kwakakwirira kweTg. Specific: Shandisa multifunctional epoxy resin kana curing agent, shandisa high-purity epoxy resin. Nzira inowanzoshandiswa ndeyekuwedzera chikamu chakati che o-methyl acetaldehyde epoxy resin mu curing system, ine mhedzisiro yakanaka uye mutengo wakaderera. Kana avhareji yehuremu hwemamorekuru yakakura, kugoverwa kwehuremu hwemamorekuru kunowedzera kushoma, uye Tg inowedzera. Mashandiro chaiwo: Shandisa epoxy resin inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana kana mushonga wekuporesa kana dzimwe nzira dzine kugoverwa kwehuremu hwemamorekuru kwakafanana.

Sematrix yeresin inoshanda zvakanyanya inoshandiswa sematrix yakabatana, hunhu hwayo hwakasiyana-siyana, hwakadai sekugona kugadzikiswa, hunhu hwethermophysical uye hunhu hwemakanika, hunofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kugona kugadzikiswa kweResin matrix kunosanganisira kunyungudika muzvinonyungudutsa, kunyungudika kwakanyungudika (fluidity) uye kuchinja kweviscosity, uye kuchinja kwenguva yegel netembiricha (process window). Kuumbwa kweresin formulation uye sarudzo yekupisa kwereaction kunosarudza chemical reaction kinetics (cure rate), chemical rheological properties (viscosity-temperature vs time), uye chemical reaction thermodynamics (exothermic). Maitiro akasiyana ane zvinodiwa zvakasiyana zve resin viscosity. Kazhinji, kune winding process, resin viscosity inowanzo kuve inenge 500cPs; kune pultrusion process, resin viscosity inenge 800~1200cPs; kune vacuum introducing process, resin viscosity inowanzove inenge 300cPs, uye RTM process inogona kunge yakakwira, asi Kazhinji, haizopfuure 800cPs; Panyaya yekugadzirira, viscosity inofanirwa kunge yakakwira, kazhinji inenge 30000 ~ 50000cPs. Ehe, zvinodiwa zve viscosity izvi zvine chekuita nehunhu hwemaitiro, michina nezvinhu pachazvo, uye hazvina kumira. Kazhinji, sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, viscosity ye resin inoderera mutembiricha yakaderera; zvisinei, sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, maitiro ekuporesa e resin anoendererawo mberi, kinetically, tembiricha. Muyero we reaction unowedzera kaviri pakuwedzera kwe10℃, uye iyi fungidziro ichiri kubatsira pakufungidzira kuti viscosity ye reactive resin system inowedzera riini kusvika pane imwe critical viscosity point. Semuenzaniso, zvinotora maminetsi makumi mashanu kuti resin system ine viscosity ye200cPs pa100℃ iwedzere viscosity yayo kusvika 1000cPs, ipapo nguva inodiwa kuti resin system imwechete iwedzere viscosity yayo yekutanga kubva pasi pe200cPs kusvika 1000cPs pa110℃ ingangoita maminetsi makumi maviri nemashanu. Kusarudzwa kwema process parameters kunofanirwa kufunga zvizere nezve viscosity nenguva yegel. Semuenzaniso, mukuita kwekupinza vacuum, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuti viscosity patembiricha yekushanda iri mukati mehuwandu hwe viscosity hunodiwa nemaitiro acho, uye hupenyu hwehari ye resin patembiricha iyi hunofanira kunge hwakareba zvakakwana kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti resin inogona kupinzwa munyika. Mukupfupisa, kusarudzwa kwerudzi rwe resin mukuita kwejekiseni kunofanirwa kufunga nezve gel point, nguva yekuzadza uye tembiricha yezvinhu. Mamwe maitiro ane mamiriro akafanana.

Mukuita kwekugadzira, saizi nechimiro chechikamu (mold), rudzi rwekusimbisa, uye ma process parameters anosarudza mwero wekupisa uye maitiro ekutamisa huwandu hwechinhu. Resin inorapa kupisa kwe exothermic, uko kunokonzerwa nekuumbwa kwe chemical bonds. Kana chemical bonds dzakawanda dzichiumbwa pa unit volume pa unit time, simba rakawanda rinoburitswa. Ma coefficients ekupisa e resin nema polymers avo anowanzova akaderera. Mwero wekubvisa kupisa panguva ye polymerization haugone kuenzana ne mwero wekupisa. Huwandu uhu hwekupisa hunowedzera hunoita kuti chemical reactions dzienderere mberi nekukurumidza, zvichikonzera kuwanda. Kuita uku kunokurumidza kuchapedzisira kwakonzera kutadza kushushikana kana kuora kwechikamu. Izvi zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa mukugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvakakura, uye zvakakosha zvikuru kugadzirisa nzira yekupisa. Dambudziko re "local temperature overshoot" rinokonzerwa ne high exothermic rate ye prepreg curaring, uye mutsauko wemamiriro (senge musiyano wekupisa) pakati pe global process window ne local process window zvese zvinokonzerwa nemaitiro ekudzora maitiro ekupisa. "Kufanana kwekupisa" muchikamu (kunyanya muhukobvu hwechikamu), kuti uwane "kufanana kwekupisa" zvinoenderana nekurongeka (kana kushandiswa) kwemamwe "matekinoroji eyuniti" mu "system yekugadzira". Kune zvikamu zvitete, sezvo huwandu hwakawanda hwekupisa huchapararira munzvimbo, tembiricha inokwira zvishoma nezvishoma, uye dzimwe nguva chikamu hachizonyatsopora. Panguva ino, kupisa kwekuwedzera kunofanirwa kuiswa kuti kupedzise cross-linking reaction, kureva, kupisa kunoramba kuchiitika.

Tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvisina autoclave inoenderana netekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvechinyakare. Muchidimbu, chero nzira yekugadzira zvinhu zvine composite isingashandise michina ye autoclave inogona kunzi tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvisina autoclave. . Kusvika pari zvino, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvisina autoclave mumunda wendege kunosanganisira mirairo inotevera: kwetekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvisiri autoclave, tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvine liquid, tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvine prepreg, tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zve microwave, tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zve electron beam, tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zvine balanced pressure fluid. Pakati pematekinoroji aya, tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zve OoA (Outof Autoclave) iri padyo nemaitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zve autoclave, uye ine mhando dzakasiyana dzemafandesheni ekuisa zvinhu nemaoko uye otomatiki, saka inoonekwa sejira risina kurukwa rinogona kuzadzikiswa padanho guru. Tekinoroji yekugadzira zvinhu zve Autoclave. Chikonzero chakakosha chekushandisa autoclave yezvikamu zvine performance yepamusoro ndechekupa kumanikidzwa kwakakwana kune prepreg, kwakakura kupfuura kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kwegasi chero ripi zvaro panguva yekupisa, kudzivirira kuumbwa kwema pores, uye iyi ndiyo OoA prepreg Dambudziko guru iro tekinoroji inoda kupasa. Kana kudzika kwechikamu ichi kuchigona kudzorwa nekumanikidzwa kwevacuum uye mashandiro acho achigona kusvika pakushanda kwelaminate yakacheneswa neautoclave chinhu chakakosha pakuongorora mhando yeOoA prepreg uye maitiro ayo ekuumba.

Kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeOoA prepreg kwakatanga kubva mukugadzirwa kweresin. Pane zvinhu zvitatu zvikuru mukugadzirwa kwemaresini eOoA prepregs: imwe ndeyekudzora porosity yezvikamu zvakaumbwa, zvakaita sekushandisa maresini ekuwedzera reaction-cured kuderedza volatiles mukuita kwekuporesa; yechipiri ndeyekuvandudza mashandiro emaresini akaporeswa Kuti uwane hunhu hweresin hunoumbwa nemaitiro e autoclave, kusanganisira hunhu hwekupisa uye hunhu hwemakanika; chechitatu ndechekuona kuti prepreg ine kugona kugadzirwa zvakanaka, senge kuona kuti resin inogona kuyerera pasi pe pressure gradient yemhepo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti ine hupenyu hurefu hwe viscosity uye tembiricha yakakwana yemukamuri kunze kwenguva, nezvimwewo. Vagadziri vezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa vanoita tsvakiridzo yezvinhu nekugadzira zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye nzira dzekuita. Mirayiridzo mikuru inofanirwa kusanganisira: kuvandudza hunhu hwemakanika, kuwedzera nguva yekunze, kuderedza tembiricha yekuporesa, uye kuvandudza hunyoro nekudzivirira kupisa. Zvimwe zvekuvandudzwa uku zvinopesana. , senge kuoma kwakanyanya uye kupisa kwakaderera. Unofanira kuwana poindi yekuenzanisa uye kufunga nezvazvo zvizere!

Pamusoro pekugadzira resin, nzira yekugadzira prepreg inokurudzirawo kugadzirwa kweOoA prepreg. Chidzidzo ichi chakaona kukosha kwe prepreg vacuum channels pakugadzira zero-porosity laminates. Zvidzidzo zvakatevera zvakaratidza kuti semi-impregnated prepregs inogona kuvandudza kupenya kwegasi. OoA prepregs inoiswa semi-impregnated neresin, uye dry fibers dzinoshandiswa semi-impregnated gas. Magasi ne volatiles zvine chekuita nekugadzika kwechikamu zvinogona kubudiswa nemagetsi kuburikidza nenzira zvekuti porosity yechikamu chekupedzisira iri <1%.
Maitiro ekuisa vacuum bagging ndeemaitiro ekugadzira non-autoclave (OoA). Muchidimbu, inzira yekuumba inovhara chigadzirwa pakati pemold nebhegi rekuputira vacuum, uye inomanikidza chigadzirwa nekuputira vacuum kuti chigadzirwa chive chidiki uye chine hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika. Maitiro makuru ekugadzira ndeekuti

Kutanga, chinhu chinoburitsa kana jira rekuburitsa rinoiswa pamold yekurongedza (kana jira regirazi). Prepreg inoongororwa zvichienderana nechiyero cheprepreg chinoshandiswa, kunyanya kusanganisira huwandu hwepamusoro, resin content, volatile matter uye rumwe ruzivo rweprepreg. Cheka prepreg kusvika pahukuru. Pakucheka, teerera kutungamira kwemafiber. Kazhinji, kutsauka kwenzira yemafiber kunofanirwa kunge kuri pasi pe1°. Nyora nhamba yeyuniti yega yega yekuvhara uye nyora nhamba yeprepreg. Pakuisa ma layers, ma layers anofanirwa kuiswa zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekuisa hunodiwa pa layer record sheet, uye PE film kana release bepa rinofanira kubatanidzwa negwara remafiber, uye mabubble emhepo anofanira kuteverwa negwara remafiber. Scraper inoparadzira prepreg uye inoikwesha zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kubvisa mhepo pakati pema layers. Pakuisa, dzimwe nguva zvinodikanwa kuisa splicing prepregs, iyo inofanirwa kusliced ​​negwara remafiber. Mukuita kwekubatanidza, kupindirana uye kupindirana kushoma kunofanirwa kuwanikwa, uye splicing seams ye layer yega yega inofanira kutatamuka. Kazhinji, musiyano wekupatsanura we unidirectional prepreg ndewekuti: 1mm; rukwa prepreg inongobvumidzwa kupindirana chete, kwete kupatsanura, uye upamhi hwekupindirana i10 ~ 15mm. Tevere, teerera ku vacuum pre-compaction, uye ukobvu hwekupomba pre-pombi hunosiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana. Chinangwa ndechekuburitsa mweya wakavharirwa mu layup uye volatiles mu prepreg kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chikamu chacho chiri chemukati. Zvadaro pane kuisa zvinhu zvekubatsira uye vacuum bagging. Kuvhara bhegi uye kupora: Chinodiwa chekupedzisira ndechekusakwanisa kuburitsa mweya. Cherechedza: Nzvimbo inowanzo buda mweya ndiyo sealant joint.

Isu tinogadzirawofiberglass kutungamira zvakananga,mameti efiberglass, mesh yefiberglass, uyefiberglass yakarukwa inofamba-famba.

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