Kubudirira kweresin yepolyester isina kugutaZvigadzirwa izvi zvine nhoroondo yemakore anopfuura makumi manomwe. Munguva pfupi yakadaro, zvigadzirwa zve polyester resin zvisina kuguta zvakura nekukurumidza maererano nekubuda uye hunyanzvi. Sezvo zvigadzirwa zvekare zve polyester resin zvisina kuguta zvakura kuva imwe yemhando dzakakura muindasitiri ye thermosetting resin. Munguva yekugadzirwa kwe polyester resin dzisina kuguta, ruzivo rwehunyanzvi nezvemapatenti ezvigadzirwa, magazini ebhizinesi, mabhuku ehunyanzvi, nezvimwewo zvinobuda rimwe mushure merimwe. Kusvika parizvino, kune mazana emapatent ekugadzira gore rega rega, ane chekuita ne polyester resin isina kuguta. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti tekinoroji yekugadzira nekushandisa ye polyester resin isina kuguta yakura zvakanyanya nekuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakagadzira sisitimu yayo yehunyanzvi yakasiyana uye yakakwana yekugadzira uye dzidziso yekushandisa. Munguva yakapfuura yekugadzirwa, ma polyester resin asina kuguta akapa mupiro wakakosha pakushandiswa kwakajairika. Mune ramangwana, ichakura kune mamwe minda yakakosha, uye panguva imwe chete, mutengo wema resin akajairika uchaderedzwa. Idzi ndidzo mhando dzema polyester resin asina kuguta anonakidza uye anovimbisa, anosanganisira: resin yakaderera, resin inodzivisa moto, resin inobaya, resin isingakuvadzi ngura, resin ine gel coat, resin inodziya. Ma polyester resin asina kuguta, ma resin anodhura zvishoma ane hunhu hwakakosha, uye tree fingers dzinoshanda zvakanaka dzakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvitsva uye maitiro matsva.
1. Resin yakaderera
Rudzi urwu rweresin runogona kunge rwuri nyaya yekare. Unsaturated polyester resin inoperekedzwa nekudonha kukuru panguva yekuoma, uye huwandu hwekudonha kwehuwandu hwese hunosvika 6-10%. Kudonha uku kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kana kutotsemura zvinhu, kwete mukuita kwekumanikidza (SMC, BMC). Kuti vakunde kukanganisa uku, maresin ethermoplastic anowanzo shandiswa sekuwedzera kwekudonha kwakaderera. Patent munzvimbo iyi yakapihwa kuDuPont muna 1934, patent nhamba US 1.945,307. Patent inotsanangura copolymerization ye dibasic antelopelic acids ne vinyl compounds. Zviri pachena kuti panguva iyoyo, patent iyi yakatanga tekinoroji yekudonha kwakaderera kwe polyester resin. Kubva ipapo, vanhu vazhinji vakazvipira kudzidza masystem e copolymer, ayo aionekwa se plastic alloys. Muna 1966 maresin aMarco ekudonha kwakaderera akatanga kushandiswa mukuumba nekugadzira maindasitiri.
Sangano rePlastics Industry Association rakazodaidza chigadzirwa ichi kuti "SMC", zvinoreva kuti sheet molding compound, uye low-shrinkage premix compound yayo "BMC" zvinoreva bulk molding compound. Kune maSMC sheets, zvinowanzo dikanwa kuti zvikamu zve resin-molded zvive ne good fit tolerance, flexible uye A-grade gloss, uye micro-cracks pamusoro inofanira kudzivirirwa, izvo zvinoda kuti matched resin ive ne low shrinkage rate. Ehe, ma patent mazhinji kubva ipapo akavandudza uye akavandudza tekinoroji iyi, uye kunzwisisa mashandiro e low-shrinkage effect kwakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye akasiyana-siyana low-shrinkage agents kana low-profile additives akabuda sezvinodiwa nenguva. Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa low shrinkage additives ipolystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate nezvimwe zvakadaro.
2. Resin inodzora moto
Dzimwe nguva zvinhu zvinodzivirira moto zvakakosha sekubatsira mukurapa mishonga, uye zvinhu zvinodzivirira moto zvinogona kudzivirira kana kuderedza njodzi. MuEurope, huwandu hwevanhu vanofa nemoto hwakaderera ne20% mumakore gumi apfuura nekuda kwekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira moto. Kuchengeteka kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira moto pachazvo kwakakoshawo zvikuru. Inzira inononoka uye yakaoma kugadzirisa mhando yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri. Parizvino, European Community yakaongorora njodzi pane zvakawanda zvinodzivirira moto zvine halogen-based uye halogen-phosphorus., zvakawanda zvacho zvichapedzwa pakati pa2004 na2006. Parizvino, nyika yedu inowanzo shandisa ma diol ane chlorine kana bromine-containing kana dibasic acid halogen substitutes sezvinhu zvekugadzira reactive flame resins. Halogen flame resistants inoburitsa utsi hwakawanda painotsva, uye inoperekedzwa nekugadzirwa kwehydrogen halide inotsamwisa zvikuru. Utsi hwakakora nehutsi hune chepfu hunogadzirwa panguva yekutsva zvinokonzera kukuvadza kukuru kuvanhu.
Zvinopfuura 80% zvetsaona dzemoto zvinokonzerwa neizvi. Chimwe chakaipa chekushandisa bromine kana hydrogen-based flame retardants ndechekuti magasi anoparadza uye anosvibisa nharaunda anogadzirwa kana apiswa, izvo zvinozokonzera kukuvara kwezvikamu zvemagetsi. Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira moto zvisina kugadzirwa zvakaita se hydrated alumina, magnesium, canopy, molybdenum compounds nezvimwe zvinowedzera zvinodzivirira moto zvinogona kugadzira utsi hushoma uye hune chepfu shoma, kunyangwe zvine mhedzisiro yakajeka yekudzora utsi. Zvisinei, kana huwandu hwe inorganic flame retardant filler hwakanyanya, viscosity ye resin haingowedzeri chete, izvo zvisingakodzeri kuvaka, asiwo kana huwandu hwakawanda hwe additive flame retardant hukawedzerwa kune resin, zvinokanganisa simba remuchina uye hunhu hwemagetsi hwe resin mushure mekuoma.
Parizvino, mapatenti mazhinji ekunze akataura nezve tekinoroji yekushandisa zvinodzivirira moto zvine phosphorus kugadzira maresini anodzivisa moto zvine chepfu shoma uye utsi hushoma. Zvinodzivirira moto zvine phosphorus zvine simba guru rekudzivirira moto. Asidhi yemetaphosphoric inogadzirwa panguva yekupiswa inogona kugadzirwa kuita polymer yakagadzikana, ichigadzira layer yekudzivirira, ichifukidza pamusoro pechinhu chinopiswa, ichiparadzanisa okisijeni, ichikurudzira kupera mvura uye carbonization yepamusoro pe resin, uye ichigadzira firimu rekudzivirira rine carbonized. Nokudaro kudzivirira kupisa uye panguva imwe chete zvinodzivirira moto zvine phosphorus zvinogonawo kushandiswa pamwe chete nezvinodzivirira moto zvine halogen, izvo zvine simba guru rekubatana. Ehe, nzira yekutsvagisa yeramangwana ye resin inodzivisa moto ihutsi hushoma, chepfu shoma uye mutengo wakaderera. Resin yakanaka haina utsi, haina chepfu shoma, inodhura zvishoma, haikanganisi resin, ine hunhu hwepanyama, haidi kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu, uye inogona kugadzirwa zvakananga mufekitori yekugadzira resin.
3. Resin inosimbisa
Zvichienzaniswa nemarudzi ekutanga epolyester resin asina kuguta, kusimba kweresin iripo kwavandudzika zvikuru. Zvisinei, nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri iri pasi peindasitiri yepolyester resin isina kuguta, zvinodiwa zvitsva zvinoiswa pamberi pekushanda kweresin isina kuguta, kunyanya panyaya yekusimba. Kuomarara kwemaresini asina kuguta mushure mekuoma kwave dambudziko guru rinodzivisa kugadzirwa kwemaresini asina kuguta. Ingave chigadzirwa chemaoko chakagadzirwa nesimbi kana chigadzirwa chakaumbwa kana chakakuvara, kureba kwerenji pakuputsika kunova chiratidzo chakakosha chekuongorora mhando yezvigadzirwa zveresin.
Parizvino, vamwe vagadziri vekune dzimwe nyika vanoshandisa nzira yekuwedzera resin yakasviba kuti vawedzere kusimba. Sekuwedzera polyester yakasviba, rabha yestyrene-butadiene uye rabha yecarboxy-terminated (suo-) styrene-butadiene, nezvimwewo, nzira iyi ndeye nzira yekusimbisa muviri. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuisa ma block polymers mucheni huru yepolyester isina kusimba, senge chimiro che network chinopinda mukati chakagadzirwa ne unsaturated polyester resin uye epoxy resin uye polyurethane resin, izvo zvinovandudza zvakanyanya simba rekusimba uye simba rekubata re resin. , nzira iyi yekusimbisa muviri ndeye nzira yekusimbisa makemikari. Musanganiswa wekusimbisa muviri uye kusimbisa makemikari unogona zvakare kushandiswa, sekusanganisa polyester isina kusimba yakawanda nezvinhu zvisingashande zvakanyanya kuti uwane kuchinjika kwaunoda.
Parizvino, mapepa eSMC ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemotokari nekuda kwehuremu hwawo hwakareruka, simba rayo guru, kuramba ngura, uye kuchinjika kwedhizaini. Kune zvikamu zvakakosha zvakaita semapaneli emotokari, masuo ekumashure, uye mapaneli ekunze, kusimba kwakanaka kunodiwa, senge mapaneli ekunze emotokari. Varindi vanogona kukotama kusvika pamwero mudiki vodzokera kuchimiro chavo chepakutanga mushure mekugumburwa zvishoma. Kuwedzera kusimba kweresin kunowanzo rasikirwa nezvimwe zvinhu zveresin, zvakaita sekuomarara, simba rekuchinjika, kuramba kupisa, uye kumhanya kwekupora panguva yekuvaka. Kuvandudza kusimba kweresin pasina kurasikirwa nezvimwe zvinhu zveresin kwave nyaya yakakosha mukutsvagisa nekugadzira maresini epolyester asina kuguta.
4. Resin ine styrene yakaderera
Mukugadzirisa unsaturated polyester resin, volatile chepfu styrene inokonzera kukuvadza kukuru hutano hwevashandi vekuvaka. Panguva imwe chete, styrene inoburitswa mumhepo, izvo zvinozokonzerawo kusvibiswa kwemhepo kwakanyanya. Nokudaro, vakuru vazhinji vanodzikamisa huwandu hwestyrene inobvumirwa mumhepo yemushandi wekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, muUnited States, huwandu hwayo hunobvumidzwa (huwandu hwe exposure hunobvumidzwa) i50ppm, nepo muSwitzerland kukosha kwayo kwePEL kuri 25ppm, huwandu hwakaderera hwakadaro hausi nyore kuwana. Kuvimba nemhepo yakasimba kunogumirawo. Panguva imwe chete, mhepo yakasimba inotungamirawo mukurasikirwa kwestyrene kubva pamusoro pechigadzirwa uye volatilization yehuwandu hwakawanda hwestyrene mumhepo. Nokudaro, kuti uwane nzira yekuderedza volatilization yestyrene, kubva pamudzi, zvichiri kudikanwa kupedzisa basa iri mufekitori yekugadzira resin. Izvi zvinoda kugadzirwa kwemaresini emhando ye low styrene volatility (LSE) asingasvibisi kana kusvibisa mhepo zvakanyanya, kana maresini e polyester asina kuzara asina mamonomer e styrene.
Kuderedza huwandu hwemamonomer anoputika kwave kuri nyaya yakakurukurwa neindasitiri yekunze isina kupiswa yepolyester resin mumakore achangopfuura. Kune nzira dzakawanda dziri kushandiswa parizvino: (1) nzira yekuwedzera low volatility inhibitors; (2) kugadzirwa kwemaresini epolyester asina kupiswa asina mamonomer anoshandisa divinyl, vinylmethylbenzene, α-methyl Styrene kutsiva mamonomer evinyl ane mamonomer estyrene; (3) Kugadzirwa kwemaresini epolyester asina kupiswa ane mamonomer asina kupiswa kwakaderera ndekushandisa mamonomer ari pamusoro apa nemamonomer estyrene pamwe chete, sekushandisa diallyl phthalate Kushandiswa kwemamonomer evinyl anofashaira zvakanyanya akadai seesters uye acrylic copolymers ane mamonomer estyrene: (4) Imwe nzira yekuderedza volatilization yestyrene ndeyekuisa mamwe mayuniti akadai sedicyclopentadiene nezvimwe zvinobva mairi muunsaturated polyesters Resin skeleton, kuwana low viscosity, uye pakupedzisira kuderedza huwandu hwestyrene monomer.
Mukutsvaga nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko rekushanduka kwesimbi, zvakakosha kufunga zvakakwana nezvekushandiswa kwesimbi kune nzira dziripo dzekuumba dzakadai sekupfapfaidza pamusoro, maitiro ekuisa simbi, maitiro ekugadzira eSMC, mutengo wezvinhu zvakagadzirwa mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, uye kuenderana kwayo nehurongwa hwesimbi. , Kuchinja kwesimbi, viscosity, hunhu hwesimbi mushure mekuumba, nezvimwewo. Munyika yangu, hapana mutemo wakajeka wekuderedza kusagadzikana kwesimbi. Zvisinei, nekuvandudzwa kwemararamiro evanhu uye kuvandudzwa kwekuziva kwevanhu hutano hwavo nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, inyaya yenguva chete kuti mitemo yakakodzera idiwe kunyika isina vanhu vakawanda sesu.
5. Resin inodzivirira ngura
Imwe yenzira huru dzinoshandiswa nema polyester resins asina kuguta ndeyekudzivirira ngura kumakemikari akadai se organic solvents, acids, bases, uye salts. Sekureva kwenyanzvi dze network ye unsaturated resin, ma resins aripo iye zvino anodzivirira ngura akakamurwa muzvikamu zvinotevera: (1) o-benzene type; (2) iso-benzene type; (3) p-benzene type; (4) bisphenol A type; (5) Vinyl ester type; nezvimwe zvakaita se xylene type, halogen-containing compound type, nezvimwewo. Mushure memakumi emakore ekutsvaga kuri kuitwa nezvizvarwa zvakati wandei zvemasayendisiti, ngura ye resin uye mashandiro ekudzivirira ngura zvakadzidzwa zvizere. Resin inochinjwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai sekuisa molecular skeleton yakaoma kudzivirira ngura mu unsaturated polyester resin, kana kushandisa unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester uye isocyanate kugadzira interpenetrating network structure, iyo yakakosha zvikuru pakuvandudza ngura ye resin. Kudzivirira ngura kunoshanda zvikuru, uye resin inogadzirwa nenzira yekusanganisa acid resin inogonawo kuwana ngura iri nani.
Zvichienzaniswa nemaresini epoxy,Kugadziriswa kwema polyester resins asina kuzara kwakaderera uye kuri nyore kwave mabhenefiti makuru. Sekureva kwenyanzvi dzema resin asina kuzara, kuramba ngura kwe polyester resins isina kuzara, kunyanya kuramba kwe alkali, kwakaderera zvikuru pane kwe epoxy resin. Haikwanise kutsiva epoxy resin. Parizvino, kukwira kwepasi pe anti-corrosion kwakagadzira mikana nematambudziko kune ma polyester resins asina kuzara. Nokudaro, kugadzirwa kwema resins akakosha anodzivirira ngura kune mikana yakakura.
Gel coat inoita basa rakakosha muzvinhu zvakasanganiswa. Haingoiti basa rekushongedza pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zveFRP chete, asiwo inoita basa rekudzivirira kupfeka, kuramba kukwegura uye kuramba ngura nemakemikari. Sekureva kwenyanzvi dze unsaturated resin network, nzira yekugadzirwa kwegel coat resin ndeyekugadzira gel coat resin ine styrene volatilization shoma, kuomesa mhepo zvakanaka uye kuramba ngura kwakasimba. Kune musika mukuru wegel coat isingapisi mu gel coat resins. Kana FRP ikabatwa mumvura inopisa kwenguva yakareba, mablister achaonekwa pamusoro. Panguva imwe chete, nekuda kwekupinda kwemvura zvishoma nezvishoma muzvinhu zvakasanganiswa, mablister epamusoro achawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Mablister haazongokanganisi chete. Chitarisiko chegel coat chichaderedza zvishoma nezvishoma simba remugadzirwa.
Cook Composites and Polymers Co. yeKansas, USA, inoshandisa nzira dzakagadziriswa ne epoxy ne glycidyl ether kugadzira gel coat resin ine viscosity yakaderera uye inodzivirira mvura ne solvent zvakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, kambani inoshandisawo polyether polyol-modified uye epoxy-terminated resin A (flexible resin) uye dicyclopentadiene (DCPD)-modified resin B (rigid resin), ese ari maviri ane Mushure mekusanganiswa, resin ine mvura haingogone chete kuva nemvura yakanaka, asiwo ine kusimba kwakanaka. Zvinonyungudutsa kana zvimwe zvinhu zvisina mamorekuru zvinopinda muFRP material system kuburikidza ne gel coat layer, zvichiita resin inodzivirira mvura ine hunhu hwakanaka hwakakwana.
7. Kurapa kwakachena kwepolyester resin isina kuguta
Hunhu hwepolyester resin isina kuzara hunoratidza kuti inogara kwenguva refu muhari uye inokurumidza kuzara nekukurumidza. Mapolyester resin asina kuzara anogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuderedza kusimba kwestyrene nekupisa kwechiedza. Nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwezvinodzivirira kusimba kwechiedza nemidziyo yemwenje, hwaro hwekugadzirwa kwemaresins anogona kupora hwakagadzirwa. Maresins akasiyana-siyana epolyester asina kuzara anogona kupora neUV akagadzirwa zvakanaka uye akaiswa mukugadzirwa kwakawanda. Hunhu hwezvinhu, mashandiro ekushanda uye kuramba kupfeka pamusoro zviri kuvandudzwa, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira kunovandudzwawo nekushandisa maitiro aya.
8. Resin inodhura zvishoma ine hunyanzvi hwakakosha
Maresini akadaro anosanganisira maresini ane furo uye maresini emvura. Parizvino, kushomeka kwesimba rehuni kuri kuwedzera. Kunewo kushomeka kwevashandi vane hunyanzvi vanoshanda muindasitiri yekugadzira huni, uye vashandi ava vari kuramba vachibhadharwa. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro anogadzira mamiriro ezvinhu ekuti mapurasitiki einjiniya apinde mumusika wehuni. Maresini ane furo asina kuzara uye maresini ane mvura achagadzirwa sehuni dzekugadzira muindasitiri yefenicha nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera uye simba rawo rakakwirira. Kushandiswa kuchanonoka pakutanga, uye ipapo nekuvandudzwa kuri kuramba kuchiitwa kwetekinoroji yekugadzirisa, kushandiswa uku kuchagadzirwa nekukurumidza.
Mapurasitiki asina kuzara anogona kuputirwa nefuro kugadzira mapurasitiki ane furo anogona kushandiswa semadziro, zvigadziriso zvemumba yekugezera, nezvimwewo. Kusimba kwepurasitiki ine furo ine furo ine furo ine furo iri sematrix zviri nani pane yePS ine furo; zviri nyore kugadzirisa pane PVC ine furo; mutengo wakaderera pane wepurasitiki ine furo ine furo, uye kuwedzerwa kwezvinodzivisa moto kunogonawo kuita kuti irambe ichidzivirira moto uye inodzivirira kukwegura. Kunyangwe tekinoroji yekushandisa resin yakagadziridzwa zvizere, kushandiswa kwefuro ine furo isina kuzara polyester mufenicha hakuna kutariswa zvakanyanya. Mushure mekuferefeta, vamwe vagadziri vemaresin vane chido chikuru chekugadzira rudzi urwu rutsva rwezvinhu. Zvimwe zvinhu zvikuru (ganda, chimiro chehuchi, hukama hwenguva yejel-foaming, kutonga kwe exothermic curve hazvina kugadziriswa zvizere kugadzirwa kwekutengeserana kusati kwawanikwa. Kusvika mhinduro yawanikwa, resin iyi inogona kushandiswa chete nekuda kwemutengo wayo wakaderera Muindasitiri yefenicha. Kana matambudziko aya agadziriswa, resin iyi ichashandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakadai sezvinhu zvinodzivirira moto zvefuro pane kungoshandisa mari yayo.
Maresini epolyester asina kuzara ane mvura anogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: rudzi rwemvura runonyungudika uye rudzi rweemulsion. Kare kuma1960 kunze kwenyika, kwave nemagwaro epamutemo uye mishumo yemabhuku munzvimbo iyi. Resin ine mvura ndeyekuwedzera mvura sekuzadza resin yepolyester isina kuzara kune resin isati yaiswa resin gel, uye huwandu hwemvura hunogona kusvika pa50%. Resin yakadaro inonzi WEP resin. Resin ine hunhu hwemutengo wakaderera, huremu hushoma mushure mekupiswa, kunonoka kwemoto kwakanaka uye kuderera kwakaderera. Kugadzirwa nekutsvagurudzwa kweresin ine mvura munyika yangu kwakatanga kuma1980, uye kwave nenguva yakareba. Panyaya yekushandiswa, yakashandiswa sechinhu chinonamira. Resin yepolyester isina kuzara ine mvura rudzi rutsva rweUPR. Tekinoroji iri murabhoritari iri kukura zvakanyanya, asi pane kutsvagurudza kushoma pakushandiswa. Matambudziko anoda kugadziriswa zvakanyanya ndeyekugadzikana kwe emulsion, mamwe matambudziko mukugadzirisa nekuumba, uye dambudziko rekubvumidzwa kwevatengi. Kazhinji, resin yepolyester isina kuguta ine matani zviuru gumi inogona kugadzira matani angangoita mazana matanhatu emvura yakasviba gore rega rega. Kana kuderera kunokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kweresin yepolyester isina kuguta kukashandiswa kugadzira resin ine mvura, zvinoderedza mutengo weresin uye zvinogadzirisa dambudziko rekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza pakugadzira.
Tinotengesa zvigadzirwa zve resin zvinotevera: resin yepolyester isina kuguta;resin yevinyl; resin yejasi rejeli; resin ye epoxy.
Isu tinogadzirawofiberglass kutungamira zvakananga,mameti efiberglass, mesh yefiberglass, uyefiberglass yakarukwa inofamba-famba.
Taura nesu :
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Email:marketing@frp-cqdj.com
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-08-2022
