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Kubudirira kweunsaturated polyester resinzvigadzirwa zvine nhoroondo yeanopfuura makore makumi manomwe. Munguva pfupi yakadaro, zvigadzirwa zve polyester resin isina unsaturated zvakakura nekukurumidza maererano nekubuda uye tekinoroji level. Sezvo aimbova unsaturated polyester resin zvigadzirwa zvakagadzira imwe yemhando huru muindasitiri ye thermosetting resin. Munguva yekugadzirwa kweunsaturated polyester resin, ruzivo rwehunyanzvi pamatendi echigadzirwa, magazini ebhizinesi, mabhuku ehunyanzvi, nezvimwe zvinobuda rimwe mushure meimwe. Kusvika pari zvino, kune mazana ezvakagadzirwa patents gore rega rega, izvo zvine chekuita neunsaturated polyester resin. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kugadzira uye kushandisa tekinoroji yeunsaturated polyester resin yawedzera kukura nekuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakagadzira yayo yakasarudzika uye yakazara tekinoroji sisitimu yekugadzira uye yekushandisa dzidziso. Mune yakapfuura nzira yekusimudzira, unsaturated polyester resins yakaita mupiro wakakosha mukushandiswa kwese. Mune ramangwana, inosimudzira kune mamwe-akakosha-chinangwa minda, uye panguva imwecheteyo, mutengo wezvese-chinangwa resins uchaderedzwa. Izvi zvinotevera mamwe anonakidza uye anovimbisa unsaturated polyester resin marudzi, anosanganisira: yakaderera shrinkage resin, murazvo unodzoreredza resin, toughening resin, low styrene volatilization resin, corrosion-resistant resin, gel jasi resin, chiedza kuporesa resin Unsaturated polyester resin, low-mutengo wakaderera resin. ine zvakakosha zvivakwa, uye yakakwirira-inoshanda zvigunwe zvemuti zvakasanganiswa nezvinhu zvitsva uye maitiro.

1.Low shrinkage resin

Iyi resin yakasiyana-siyana inogona kungova nyaya yekare. Unsaturated polyester resin inoperekedzwa nehombe shrinkage panguva yekurapa, uye general volume shrinkage rate ndeye 6-10%. Iyi shrinkage inogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kana kutsemura zvinhu, kwete mukumanikidza kuumba maitiro (SMC, BMC). Kuti ukunde kukanganisa uku, thermoplastic resins inowanzo shandiswa seyakaderera shrinkage additives. Patent munzvimbo iyi yakapihwa kuDuPont muna 1934, patent nhamba US 1.945,307. Iyo patent inotsanangura copolymerization ye dibasic antelopelic acids ine vinyl makomponi. Zviripachena, panguva iyoyo, patent iyi yakapayona yakaderera shrinkage tekinoroji yepolyester resins. Kubva ipapo, vanhu vazhinji vakazvipira pakudzidza kwecopolymer masisitimu, ayo akazoonekwa semapurasitiki alloys. Muna 1966 Marco's low shrinkage resin akatanga kushandiswa mukuumba uye kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri.

Plastics Industry Association yakazodana chigadzirwa ichi kuti "SMC", zvinoreva kuti sheet molding compound, uye yakaderera-shrinkage premix compound "BMC" inoreva kuumbwa kwehuwandu. Kune maSMC mapepa, zvinowanzodiwa kuti zvikamu zvakaumbwa neresin zvive zvakanaka kushivirira, kuchinjika uye A-giredhi gloss, uye madiki-akatsemuka pamusoro anofanira kudzivirirwa, izvo zvinoda kuti inofananidzwa resin ive yakaderera shrinkage rate. Ehezve, patents mazhinji kubva ipapo akavandudza uye akavandudza tekinoroji iyi, uye kunzwisiswa kweiyo nzira yekuderera-shrinkage effect yave ichikura zvishoma nezvishoma, uye akasiyana-siyana akaderera-shrinkage agents kana akaderera-profile additives akabuda sezvinodiwa nenguva. Inowanzo shandiswa low shrinkage additives polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate nezvimwe zvakadaro.

drtgf (1) 2.Flame retardant resin

Dzimwe nguva zvinhu zvinodzoreredza moto zvakakosha sekununura zvinodhaka, uye zvinhu zvinodzoreredza moto zvinogona kudzivirira kana kuderedza kuitika kwenjodzi. MuEurope, nhamba yekufa kwemoto yakadzikira ne20% mumakore gumi apfuura nekuda kwekushandisa zvinodzora moto. Kuchengeteka kwezvinhu zvinodzikisira moto pachazvo kwakakoshawo. Iyo inononoka uye yakaoma maitiro ekumisa mhando yezvinhu zvinoshandiswa muindasitiri. Parizvino, European Community ine uye iri kuita ongororo dzenjodzi pane dzakawanda halogen-based uye halogen-phosphorus flame retardants. , mazhinji acho achapedzwa pakati pa2004 na2006. Parizvino, nyika yedu inowanzoshandisa diol ine chlorine-ine kana bromine-containing kana dibasic acid halogen inotsiva sezvigadzirwa kugadzirira reactive flame retardant resins. Halogen flame retardants inoburitsa hutsi hwakawanda kana ichitsva, uye inoperekedzwa nechizvarwa chinoshatisa hydrogen halide. Utsi hwakanyanya uye hutsi hune chepfu hunogadzirwa panguva yekupisa hunokonzera kukuvadza kukuru kuvanhu.

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Chikamu chinodarika makumi masere kubva muzana chetsaona dzemoto dzinokonzerwa neizvi. Chimwe chinokanganisa kushandisa bromine kana hydrogen-based flame retardants ndeyekuti gasi rinoparadza uye rinosvibisa zvakatipoteredza richagadzirwa kana rapiswa, izvo zvinotungamirira kukuvadza kune zvikamu zvemagetsi. Kushandiswa kwe inorganic flame retardants senge hydrated alumina, magnesium, canopy, molybdenum makomisheni uye mamwe ekuwedzera emurazvo anodzoreredza moto anogona kuburitsa hutsi hushoma uye hushoma hwehuturu hwemoto retardant resins, kunyangwe vaine mhedzisiro yehutsi. Nekudaro, kana huwandu hweinorganic flame retardant filler hwakakurisa, kwete chete iyo viscosity yeresin inowedzera, iyo isingakodzeri kuvaka, asiwo kana huwandu hukuru hwekuwedzera murazvo retardant huchawedzerwa kune resin, zvinokanganisa. iyo mechanical simba uye magetsi emagetsi e resin mushure mekurapa.

Parizvino, mareti mazhinji ekunze akashuma tekinoroji yekushandisa phosphorus-based flame retardants kugadzira yakaderera-chepfu uye yakaderera-utsi retardant resins. Phosphorus-based flame retardants ine yakakura inodzosa moto. Iyo metaphosphoric acid inogadzirwa panguva yekupisa inogona kuve polymerized kuita yakagadzikana yepolymer state, ichigadzira danda rekudzivirira, rinovhara pamusoro pechinhu chinopisa, kuparadzanisa okisijeni, kukurudzira kupera kwemvura uye carbonization yepasi resin, uye kugadzira kabhoni inodzivirira firimu. Nokudaro kudzivirira kupisa uye panguva imwe chete phosphorus-based flame retardants inogonawo kushandiswa pamwe chete nehalogen flame retardants, iyo ine yakajeka zvikuru synergistic effect. Ehe, iyo remangwana yekutsvagisa nzira yemoto inodzoreredza resin utsi hushoma, hupfu hwakaderera uye mutengo wakaderera. Iyo yakanakira resin haina utsi, yakaderera-chepfu, yakaderera-mutengo, haikanganise resin, ine yekuzvarwa zvimiro zvemuviri, haidi kuwedzera zvimwe zvinhu, uye inogona kugadzirwa zvakananga muchirimwa chekugadzira resin.

3.Toughening resin

Kuenzaniswa nemhando dzepakutanga dzisina kuomeswa polyester resin, iko kuoma kweresin yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yekudzika kweiyo unsaturated polyester resin, zvimwe zvitsva zvinodiwa zvinoiswa pamberi pekuita kweunsaturated resin, kunyanya maererano nekuoma. Iyo brittleness yeunsaturated resins mushure mekurapa yakapotsa yave dambudziko rakakosha rinodzora kugadzirwa kweunsaturated resins. Ingave iri yakagadzirwa-yakaumbwa yakagadzirwa nemaoko chigadzirwa kana yakaumbwa kana ronda chigadzirwa, kureba panguva yekuzorora kunova chiratidzo chakakosha chekuongorora kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zve resin.

Parizvino, vamwe vagadziri vekunze vanoshandisa nzira yekuwedzera saturated resin kuvandudza kuoma. Zvakadai sekuwedzera saturated polyester, styrene-butadiene rabha uye carboxy-terinated (suo-) styrene-butadiene rabha, nezvimwewo, nzira iyi ndeye nzira yekuomesa muviri. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuunza block polymers mucheni huru yeunsaturated polyester, senge inopindirana network chimiro chakaumbwa neunsaturated polyester resin uye epoxy resin uye polyurethane resin, iyo inovandudza zvakanyanya kusimba kwekusimba uye kukanganisa simba resin. , iyi toughening nzira ndeyemakemikari toughening nzira. Mubatanidzwa wekuomesera kwemuviri uye kuomesa makemikari unogona zvakare kushandiswa, sekusanganisa anowedzera reactive unsaturated polyester ine isingaite reactive zvinhu kuti uwane iyo yaunoda kuchinjika.

Parizvino, mapepa eSMC ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemotokari nekuda kwehuremu hwadzo, simba rakakura, kuramba kwecorrosion, uye dhizaini inoshanduka. Kune zvikamu zvakakosha senge mapaneru emotokari, magonhi ekumashure, uye mapaneru ekunze, kusimba kwakanaka kunodiwa, senge mota dzekunze mapaneru. Varindi vanogona kukotama kumashure kusvika padiki uye vodzokera kuchimiro chavo chepakutanga mushure mekukanganisa kudiki. Kuwedzera kuomarara kweresin kazhinji kunorasikirwa nezvimwe zvimiro zveresin, sekuoma, kusimba kwesimba, kupisa kupisa, uye kukurumidza kurapa panguva yekuvaka. Kuvandudza kusimba kweresin pasina kurasikirwa nezvimwe zvinhu zvechisikigo zveresin yave musoro wakakosha mukutsvagisa nekuvandudzwa kweunsaturated polyester resin.

4.Low styrene volatile resin

Mukuita kugadzirisa unsaturated polyester resin, volatile toxic styrene inokonzeresa kukuvadza kukuru kuhutano hwevashandi vekuvaka. Panguva imwecheteyo, styrene inobudiswa mumhepo, iyo inokonzerawo kusvibiswa kwemhepo kwakakomba. Naizvozvo, zviremera zvakawanda zvinodzikamisa kusungirirwa kunobvumirwa kwe styrene mumhepo yemusangano wekugadzira. Semuenzaniso, muUnited States, chiyero chayo chinobvumirwa (chinobvumirwa chepamusoro) i50ppm, asi muSwitzerland kukosha kwayo kwePEL ndeye 25ppm, zvinyorwa zvakaderera zvakadaro hazvisi nyore kuwana. Kuvimba nemhepo yakasimba kunewo zvishoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, kufefetedza kwakasimba kuchaitawo kuti kurasikirwa kwe styrene kubva pamusoro pechigadzirwa uye kuputika kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwe styrene mumhepo. Naizvozvo, kuti uwane nzira yekudzikisa kuvhuvhuta kwe styrene, kubva pamudzi, zvichiri kudikanwa kupedzisa basa iri muchirimwa chekugadzira resin. Izvi zvinoda kugadzirwa kwepasi styrene volatility (LSE) resins isingasvibise kana kushoma kusvibisa mhepo, kana unsaturated polyester resins isina styrene monomers.

Kuderedza zvirimo mumamonomers anga ari musoro wakagadzirwa neindasitiri yekunze isina unsaturated polyester resin mumakore achangopfuura. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzinoshandiswa iye zvino: (1) nzira yekuwedzera low volatility inhibitors; (2) kugadzirwa kweunsaturated polyester resins isina styrene monomers inoshandisa divinyl, vinylmethylbenzene, α-methyl Styrene kutsiva vinyl monomers ine styrene monomers; (3) Kugadzirwa kweunsaturated polyester resins ine low styrene monomers ndeyekushandisa pamusoro apa monomers uye styrene monomers pamwe chete, sekushandisa diallyl phthalate Kushandiswa kwepamusoro-kuvira vinyl monomers se esters uye acrylic copolymers ane styrene monomers: (4) Imwe nzira yekudzikisa kuvhuvhuta kwe styrene kuunza mamwe mayuniti akadai se dicyclopentadiene uye zvinobva mairi mune unsaturated polyesters Resin skeleton, kuwana yakaderera viscosity, uye pakupedzisira kuderedza zvirimo styrene monomer.

Mukutsvaga nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko re styrene volatilization, zvinofanirwa kunyatso tarisa kushanda kweresin kune iripo nzira dzekuumba dzakadai sekuputika kwepasi, lamination process, SMC molding process, mutengo wezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira maindasitiri, uye kuenderana neiyo resin system. , Resin reactivity, viscosity, mechanical properties ye resin mushure mekuumbwa, nezvimwewo. Munyika yangu, hapana mutemo wakajeka wekudzivirira kuparara kwe styrene. Zvisinei, nekuvandudzwa kwemararamiro evanhu uye nekuvandudzwa kwekuziva kwevanhu nezvehutano hwavo uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, ingori nyaya yenguva pasati padiwa mutemo wakakodzera kune nyika isina unsaturated yevatengi sesu.

5.Corrosion-resistant resin

Imwe yemashandisirwo akakura eunsaturated polyester resins ndeyekupokana kwavo nemakemikari akadai seorganic solvents, acids, mabhesi, uye munyu. Maererano nekutangwa kweunsaturated resin network nyanzvi, ikozvino marara-resistant resins akakamurwa muzvikamu zvinotevera: (1) o-benzene rudzi; (2) iso-benzene mhando; (3) p-benzene mhando; (4) bisphenol A mhando; (5) Vinyl ester mhando; uye mamwe akadai seyexylene type, halogen-containing compound type, etc. Mushure memakumi emakore ekuenderera mberi kwekuongorora nezvizvarwa zvakawanda zvemasayendisiti, kuparara kweresin uye nzira yekudzivirira kuparara kwakanyatsodzidza. Iyo resin inogadziridzwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai sekuunza skeleton yemamolecular iyo yakaoma kurwisa corrosion mune isina unsaturated polyester resin, kana kushandisa unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester uye isocyanate kuti igadzire inopindirana network dhizaini, iyo yakakosha pakuvandudza kusimba kwekuora. ye resin. Iyo corrosion resistance inoshanda zvakanyanya, uye resin inogadzirwa nenzira yekusanganisa asidhi resin inogonawo kuwana zvirinani kusakara.

Kuenzaniswa neepoxy resins,iyo yakaderera mutengo uye nyore kugadzirisa yeunsaturated polyester resins yave mabhenefiti makuru. Zvinoenderana neunsaturated resin net nyanzvi, kushorwa kwekusaturated polyester resin, kunyanya iyo alkali resistance, yakaderera zvikuru kune epoxy resin. Haikwanise kutsiva epoxy resin. Parizvino, kukwira kwe-anti-corrosion floors kwakagadzira mikana nematambudziko kune unsaturated polyester resins. Naizvozvo, kuvandudzwa kweakakosha anti-corrosion resins ane tarisiro yakakura.

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6.Gel jasi resin

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Gel jasi rinoita basa rakakosha mune zvakaumbwa zvinhu. Iyo haingoite basa rekushongedza chete pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zveFRP, asi zvakare inobata basa mukupfeka kusagadzikana, kuramba kuchembera uye makemikari corrosion resistance. Sekureva kwenyanzvi kubva kune unsaturated resin network, iyo nzira yekuvandudza yegel jasi resin ndeyekugadzira gel jasi resin ine yakaderera styrene volatilization, yakanaka kuomeswa kwemhepo uye yakasimba corrosion kuramba. Iko kune musika wakakura wemajasi egel anodzivirira kupisa mune gel jasi resins. Kana iyo FRP zvinhu zvakanyudzwa mumvura inopisa kwenguva yakareba, blisters ichaonekwa pamusoro. Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuda kwekupinda kwemvura zvishoma nezvishoma muzvinhu zvakasanganiswa, mablister epamusoro achawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma. Iyo blisters haizongokanganisa Kuonekwa kwejasi rejeli zvishoma nezvishoma kunoderedza simba rezvigadzirwa.

Cook Composites uye Polymers Co. yeKansas, USA, inoshandisa epoxy uye glycidyl ether-terinated nzira kugadzira gel jasi resin ine yakaderera viscosity uye yakanakisa mvura uye inonyungudutsa kuramba. Mukuwedzera, kambani inoshandisawo polyether polyol-modified uye epoxy-terminated resin A (flexible resin) uye dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) -modified resin B (rigid resin) yakagadzirwa, iyo yose ine Mushure mekusanganiswa, resin ine mvura inodzivirira haigoni. chete iva nekudzivirira kwakanaka kwemvura, asiwo kuve nekusimba kwakanaka uye kusimba. Solvents kana zvimwe zvakaderera-mamorekuru zvinhu zvinopinda mukati meFRP zvinhu system kuburikidza nejeli jasi layer, ichiita resin inodzivirira mvura ine yakanakisa yakazara zvimiro.

7.Chiedza kurapa unsaturated polyester resin

Chiedza chekurapa maitiro eunsaturated polyester resin hupenyu hurefu hwepoto uye nekukurumidza kurapa kukurumidza. Unsaturated polyester resins inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekudzikamisa kuvhurika kwe styrene nekupora mwenje. Nekuda kwekufambira mberi kwephotosensitizers uye machira ekuvhenekesa, hwaro hwekuvandudzwa kwemafotocurable resins yakaiswa. Akasiyana-siyana UV-anorapika unsaturated polyester resin akabudirira kugadzirwa uye kuiswa mukugadzirwa muhuwandu hukuru. Izvo zvinhu zvemukati, maitiro ekuita uye pamusoro pekupfeka kuramba zvinovandudzwa, uye kugona kwekugadzira kunovandudzwa zvakare nekushandisa maitiro aya.

8.Low-cost resin ine zvakakosha zvinhu

Mapiritsi akadaro anosanganisira resins ane furo uye aqueous resins. Parizvino, kushayikwa kwesimba rehuni kune chimiro chepamusoro muhuwandu. Panewo kushomeka kwevashandi vane hunyanzvi vanoshanda muindasitiri yekugadzira huni, uye vashandi ava vari kuramba vachibhadharwa. Mamiriro akadaro anogadzira mamiriro einjiniya mapurasitiki kuti apinde mumusika wehuni. Unsaturated furo resins uye mvura-ine resin ichagadzirwa sematanda ekugadzira muindasitiri yefenicha nekuda kwemutengo wakaderera uye simba rakawanda. Iko kushandiswa kuchanonoka pakutanga, uyezve nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudza tekinoroji yekugadzirisa, ichi chishandiso chinogadzirwa nekukurumidza.

Unsaturated polyester resins inogona kupushwa kugadzira resin dzine furo dzinogona kushandiswa semadziro emadziro, pre-yakagadzirwa kupatsanura yekugezera, nezvimwe. Kuoma uye kusimba kwepurasitiki yakapushwa ine unsaturated polyester resin sematrix iri nani pane yePS ine furo; zviri nyore kugadzirisa pane furo PVC; mutengo wacho wakaderera pane wepurasitiki yakaputirwa nepolyurethane, uye kuwedzerwa kwemurazvo retardants kunogonawo kuita kuti murazvo urege kukwegura uye unopesana nekukwegura. Kunyangwe tekinoroji yekushandisa resin yakagadziridzwa zvizere, kushandiswa kwefoamed unsaturated polyester resin mufenicha hakuna kutariswa zvakanyanya. Mushure mekuferefeta, vamwe vanogadzira resin vanofarira zvikuru kugadzira rudzi rutsva urwu rwezvinhu. Dzimwe nyaya hombe (kusvuura ganda, kuumbwa kwehuchi, gel-foaming time relationship, exothermic curve control hazvina kunyatsogadziriswa isati yagadzirwa. Kusvikira mhinduro yawanikwa, resin iyi inogona kuiswa chete nekuda kwekudhura kwayo Muindasitiri yefenicha. matambudziko aya anogadziriswa, resin iyi ichashandiswa zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzakadai sefoam flame retardant zvinhu pane kungoshandisa hupfumi hwayo.

Mvura-ine unsaturated polyester resins inogona kukamurwa kuva mhando mbiri: mvura-inonyungudika mhando uye emulsion mhando. Kare kuma1960 kune dzimwe nyika, kwave kune patents nemishumo yemabhuku munzvimbo iyi. Mvura-ine resin ndeyekuwedzera mvura sekuzadza kweunsaturated polyester resin kune resin pamberi resin gel, uye iyo yemvura inogona kunge yakakwira se50%. Resin yakadaro inonzi WEP resin. Iyo resin ine hunhu hwemutengo wakaderera, huremu huremu mushure mekurapa, yakanaka retardancy murazvo uye kuderera kwakaderera. Kuvandudzwa uye kutsvagisa kwemvura-ine resin munyika yangu kwakatanga muma1980s, uye yave nguva yakareba. Panyaya yekushandiswa, yakashandiswa seanchoring agent. Aqueous unsaturated polyester resin rudzi rutsva rweUPR. Iyo tekinoroji murabhoritari iri kuramba ichiwedzera kukura, asi kune kushoma kutsvagisa nezvekushandisa. Matambudziko anofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvakare kugadzikana kwe emulsion, mamwe matambudziko mukurapa nekuumba maitiro, uye dambudziko rekubvumidzwa kwevatengi. Kazhinji, 10,000-ton unsaturated polyester resin inogona kugadzira matani mazana matanhatu emvura yetsvina gore rega rega. Kana iyo shrinkage inogadzirwa mukugadzirwa kweunsaturated polyester resin ikashandiswa kugadzira resin ine mvura, inoderedza mutengo weresin uye kugadzirisa dambudziko rekugadzira kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza.

Isu tinobata mune zvinotevera resin zvigadzirwa: unsaturated polyester resin;vinyl resin; gel jasi resin; epoxy resin.

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