1 Main Application
Kudzungaira kusina kumonyoroka uko vanhu vanosangana nako muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva kune chimiro chakareruka uye chinoumbwa nemaparallel monofilaments akaunganidzwa mumasumbu. Kuromba kusingachinjiki kunogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: alkali-isina uye yepakati-alkali, ayo anonyanya kusiyaniswa maererano nekusiyana kwegirazi kuumbwa. Kuti ugadzire magirazi egirazi akakodzera, dhayamita yegirazi fibers inoshandiswa inofanira kunge iri pakati pe12 ne23 μm. Nekuda kwehunhu hwayo, inogona kushandiswa zvakananga mukugadzira zvimwe zvinhu zvinoumbwa, senge mhepo uye pultrusion maitiro. Uye inogona zvakare kurukwa kuita machira anotenderera, kunyanya nekuda kwekukakavadzana kwayo kwakafanana. Mukuwedzera, munda wekushandiswa kwekucheka roving zvakare wakapamhama.
1.1.1Twistless roving for jetting
Muiyo FRP jekiseni rekuumba maitiro, iyo twistless roving inofanirwa kuve neinotevera zvivakwa:
(1) Sezvo kucheka kunoramba kuchidikanwa mukugadzirwa, zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti magetsi mashoma anogadzirwa panguva yekucheka, izvo zvinoda kuita kwakanaka kwekucheka.
(2) Mushure mekucheka, sirika mbishi yakawanda sezvinobvira inovimbiswa kugadzirwa, saka kugona kwekugadzira sirika kunovimbiswa kuve kwakakwira. Kubudirira kwekuparadzira roving kuita tambo mushure mekucheka kwakakwira.
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(4) Nekuti inodikanwa kuve nyore kukungurutsira pasi kuburitsa mabhuru emhepo, inodiwa kupinza resin nekukurumidza.
(5)Nekuda kwemhando dzakasiyana dzepfuti dzekupfapfaidza, kuti zvienderane nepfuti dzekupfapfaidza dzakasiyana, ita shuwa kuti ukobvu hwewaya mbishi huri pakati nepakati.
SMC, inozivikanwawo semashizha ekuumba komputa, inogona kuoneka kwese kwese kwehupenyu, senge inonyatsozivikanwa zvikamu zvemotokari, mabhavhu uye zvigaro zvakasiyana zvinoshandisa SMC roving. Mukugadzira, kune zvakawanda zvinodikanwa zvekufamba kweSMC. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi chekucheka kwakanaka, yakanaka antistatic zvivakwa, uye mvere shoma kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti SMC sheet inogadzirwa inokodzera. Kune SMC ine mavara, zvinodikanwa zvekurovha zvakasiyana, uye zvinofanirwa kuve nyore kupinda muresin ine pigment yemukati. Kazhinji, iyo yakajairwa fiberglass SMC roving ndeye 2400tex, uye kune zvakare mashoma makesi uko iri 4800tex.
1.1.3Kutenderera kusina kumonyoroka pakumonereka
Kuti ugadzire mapaipi eFRP ane hukobvu hwakasiyana, tangi yekuchengetera mhepo yemhepo yakavapo. Kune roving yekumonereka, inofanirwa kunge iine zvinotevera maitiro.
(1) Inofanira kuva nyore kutepa, kazhinji muchimiro chetepi yakati sandara.
(2) Sezvo mbiru isina kumonyoroka ichiwanzodonha ichibva pachiuno painobviswa mubhobhobho, inofanira kuva nechokwadi chokuti kushatiswa kwayo kwakati kurei, uye sirika inozovapo haigoni kuva ine tsvina sedendere reshiri.
(3) Kushushikana hakugone kungoerekana kwakakura kana kudiki, uye chiitiko che overhang hachigone kuitika.
(4) The linear density chinodiwa kuti untwisted roving inofanira kuva yunifomu uye shoma pane yakataurwa kukosha.
(5) Kuti uone kuti zviri nyore kunyoroveswa kana uchipfuura nemutangi resin, iyo permeability yeroving inofanirwa kuve yakanaka.
1.1.4Kutenderera kune pultrusion
Iyo pultrusion process inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kweakasiyana profiles ane anopindirana muchinjiko-zvikamu. Iyo roving ye pultrusion inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti girazi rayo fiber yemukati uye unidirectional simba riri padanho repamusoro. Iyo roving ye pultrusion inoshandiswa mukugadzira musanganiswa wetambo dzakawanda dzesirika mbishi, uye mamwe anogona zvakare kuve akananga rovings, ese ari maviri anogoneka. Zvimwe zvinodiwa pakushanda kwayo zvakafanana nezvinomonereka rovings.
1.1.5 Twistless Roving yeKuruka
Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, tinoona machira e gingham ane hukobvu hwakasiyana kana machira anotenderera ari munzira imwe chete, ari embodiment yeimwe yakakosha kushandiswa kwe roving, iyo inoshandiswa pakuruka. Roving inoshandiswa inonziwo roving for weaving. Mazhinji emachira aya anoratidzwa mune ruoko kuisa-up FRP kuumba. Pakuruka rovings, zvinotevera zvinodiwa zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa:
(1) Hainyatsopfeki.
(2) Nyore kutepi.
(3) Nemhaka yokuti inonyanya kushandiswa pakurukwa, panofanira kuva nedanho rokuomesa risati raruka.
(4) Mukutaura kwekukakavadzana, inonyanya kuvimbiswa kuti haigoni kungoerekana yakakura kana duku, uye inofanira kuchengetwa yunifomu. Uye kusangana nemamwe mamiriro maererano ne overhang.
(5) Kudzikira kuri nani.
(6) Zviri nyore kupinzwa neresin kana uchipfuura nemutangi resin, saka iyo permeability inofanira kunge yakanaka.
1.1.6 Twistless roving for preform
Iyo inonzi preform process, kazhinji kutaura, ndeye-pre-forming, uye chigadzirwa chinowanikwa mushure mematanho akakodzera. Mukugadzira, tinotanga kucheka roving, uye kupfapfaidza roving yakachekwa pamambure, apo mambure anofanira kunge ari mambure ane chimiro chakafanotemerwa. Zvadaro pfapfaidza resin kuti iite. Pakupedzisira, chigadzirwa chakaumbwa chinoiswa muforoma, uye resin inobayiwa uye yobva yatsikiswa-kupisa kuti uwane chigadzirwa. Izvo zvinodikanwa zvekuita zve preform rovings zvakafanana neizvo zvejet rovings.
1.2 Girazi faibha roving jira
Kune akawanda machira anotenderera, uye gingham ndeimwe yayo. Muruoko kuisa-up FRP maitiro, gingham inoshandiswa zvakanyanya seyakanyanya kukosha substrate. Kana iwe uchida kuwedzera simba re gingham, saka iwe unoda kushandura warp uye weft nzira yemucheka, iyo inogona kuchinjwa kuva unidirectional gingham. Kuti uve nechokwadi chehutano hwemucheka wecheckered, maitiro anotevera anofanira kuvimbiswa.
(1) Pamucheka, inodiwa kuti ive yakatsetseka sese, isina kuputika, mapendero nemakona zvinofanira kunge zvakatwasuka, uye hapafaniri kuva nemarara ane tsvina.
(2) Hurefu, upamhi, kunaka, uremu uye density yejira rinofanirwa kusangana nemimwe mwero.
(3) Girazi fiber filaments inofanira kupetwa zvakanaka.
(4) Kukwanisa kukurumidza kupinzwa neresin.
(5) Kuoma uye hunyoro hwemachira akarukwa muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana anofanira kusangana nezvimwe zvinodiwa.
1.3 Girazi fiber mat
1.3.1Chopped strand mat
Kutanga cheka tambo dzegirazi uye uzvisasa pabhanhire rakagadzirwa mesh. Zvadaro wosasa binder pairi, kupisa kuti inyunguduke, uye wozoitonhorera kuti iome, uye iyo yakachekwa tambo mat inoumbwa. Akachekwa tambo faibha mats anoshandiswa mukugadzira maoko-up maitiro uye mukuruka kweSMC membranes. Kuti uwane iyo yakanakisa yekushandisa mhedzisiro yeyakachekwa strand mat, mukugadzira, izvo zvinodiwa zveakachekwa strand mat ndeaya anotevera.
(1) Meti yese yakachekwa yakati sandara uye yakatodzana.
(2) Maburi emucheka wakachekwa mat madiki uye akafanana muhukuru
(4) Ita mimwe mipimo.
(5) Inogona kukurumidza kuzadzwa neresin.
1.3.2 Inoenderera mberi tambo mat
Iwo magirazi tambo akaiswa flat pa mesh bhandi zvinoenderana nezvimwe zvinodiwa. Kazhinji, vanhu vanorayira kuti vanofanira kuiswa pasi mumufananidzo we8. Zvadaro wosasa poda yakanamatira pamusoro uye kupisa kupora. Anoenderera mberi tambo mats akakwirira kure kune akachekwa tambo mats mukusimbisa iyo inoumbwa zvinhu, kunyanya nekuti magirazi fiber mumatanho anoenderera anoenderera. Nekuda kwekuita kwayo kuri nani kwekusimudzira, yakashandiswa mune akasiyana maitiro.
1.3.3Surface Mat
Iko kushandiswa kwepamusoro mat kwakajairika muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, senge resin layer yezvigadzirwa zveFRP, iri yepakati alkali girazi repamusoro mat. Tora FRP semuenzaniso, nekuti mat ayo epamusoro akagadzirwa nepakati alkali girazi, inoita kuti FRP igadzikane mumakemikari. Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuti iyo meti yepamusoro yakareruka uye yakatetepa, inogona kutora yakawanda resin, iyo isingangoite basa rekudzivirira chete asiwo kuita basa rakanaka.
1.3.4Tsono mat
Tsono mat inonyanya kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri, chikamu chekutanga chakachekwa faibha tsono kubaya. Maitiro ekugadzira ari nyore, tanga wacheka girazi fiber, saizi ingangoita masendimita mashanu, usasase pahwaro zvinhu, wobva waisa substrate pabhandi rekutakura, wobva wabaya substrate netsono yecrochet, nekuda kwe Mhedzisiro yetsono yecrochet, Mafibhi anobayiwa mu substrate uye anobva atsamwiswa kuti aite matatu-dimensional chimiro. Iyo substrate yakasarudzwa inewo zvimwe zvinodiwa uye inofanirwa kunge ine fluffy kunzwa. Needle mat zvigadzirwa zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukutsikisa ruzha uye thermal insulation zvinhu zvichienderana nehunhu hwavo. Ehezve, inogona zvakare kushandiswa muFRP, asi haina kuve yakakurumbira nekuti chigadzirwa chakawanikwa chine simba rakaderera uye chinowanzo putika. Imwe mhando inonzi inoenderera mberi filament tsono-punched mat, uye maitiro ekugadzira zvakare akapusa. Kutanga, iyo filament inokandwa zvisina tsarukano pane mesh bhandi rakagadzirirwa pachine newaya yekukanda mudziyo. Saizvozvo, tsono yekurojera inotorwa kuti acupuncture iite matatu-dimensional fiber chimiro. Mugirazi fiber yakasimbiswa thermoplastics, inoenderera tambo yetsono mats inoshandiswa zvakanaka.
Iwo akachekwa egirazi fibers anogona kuchinjika kuita maviri akasiyana maumbirwo mukati mehumwe hurefu hwehurefu kuburikidza nekuita kwekusona kwemuchina we stitchbonding. Yekutanga ndeyekuita tambo yakachekwa, iyo inonyatso kutsiva bhainda-bonded rakachekwa meta. Yechipiri ndiyo refu-fiber mat, iyo inotsiva inoenderera tambo mat. Aya mafomu maviri akasiyana ane mukana wakafanana. Ivo havashandise zvinonamira mukugadzira, kudzivirira kusvibiswa nemarara, uye kugutsa kutsvaga kwevanhu kuchengetedza zviwanikwa nekuchengetedza nharaunda.
1.4 Milled fibers
Nzira yekugadzira pasi fiber iri nyore kwazvo. Tora chigayo chenyundo kana chigayo chebhora woisa shinda dzakachekwa imomo. Kukuya nekukuya faibha kunewo maapplication akawanda mukugadzira. Mukuita majekiseni ekuita, iyo milled fiber inoshanda sechinhu chinosimbisa, uye kuita kwayo kuri nani zvakanyanya kupfuura kweimwe fiber. Kuti udzivise kutsemuka uye kuvandudza shrinkage mukugadzirwa kweakakandirwa uye akaumbwa zvigadzirwa, milled fibers inogona kushandiswa sekuzadza.
1.5 Fiberglass jira
1.5.1Girazi jira
Ndeyerudzi rwegirazi fiber jira. Girazi jira rinogadzirwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana rine maitiro akasiyana. Mumunda wegirazi jira munyika yangu, inonyanya kukamurwa kuva marudzi maviri: alkali-isina girazi jira uye yepakati alkali girazi jira. Kushandiswa kwejira regirazi kunogona kunzi kwakanyanyisa, uye mutumbi wemotokari, hull, tangi yakajairwa yekuchengetedza, nezvimwe zvinogona kuonekwa mumufananidzo wejira regirazi risina alkali. Kune yepakati alkali girazi jira, kushora kwaro kuri nani, saka rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira kurongedza uye zvigadzirwa zvinodzivirira corrosion. Kutonga hunhu hwegirazi fiber machira, zvinonyanya kukosha kutanga kubva pamativi mana, zvimiro zvefiber pachayo, chimiro chegirazi fiber warn, iyo warp uye weft kutungamira uye jira rejira. Munzira yewarp uye weft, kuwanda kunoenderana neyakasiyana chimiro cheshinda uye jira rejira. Hunhu hwemuviri hwejira hunoenderana newap uye weft density uye chimiro chegirazi fiber warn.
1.5.2 Girazi Ribhoni
Girazi ribhoni rinonyanya kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri, yekutanga mhando selvedge, yechipiri mhando isiri-yakarukwa selvedge, iyo inorukwa zvichienderana neiyo pateni ye plain weave. Girazi ribhoni rinogona kushandiswa kune zvikamu zvemagetsi zvinoda high dielectric properties. High simba magetsi emidziyo zvikamu.
1.5.3 Unidirectional jira
Unidirectional machira muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva akarukwa kubva kune maviri machira ehukobvu hwakasiyana, uye machira anoguma ane simba rakawanda munzira huru.
1.5.4 Tatu-dimensional jira
Iyo jira rematatu-dimensional rakasiyana nechimiro chejira rendege, ine mativi matatu, saka mhedzisiro yaro iri nani pane general plane fiber. Iwo matatu-dimensional faibha-yakasimbiswa musanganiswa zvinhu zvine zvakanakira izvo mamwe mafiber-reinforced composite materials haana. Nekuti iyo fiber ine-matatu-dimensional, iyo yakazara mhedzisiro iri nani, uye kukuvara kwekudzivirira kunowedzera kusimba. Nekuvandudzwa kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, kuwedzera kuri kudiwa kwairi mumhepo, mota uye zvikepe kwakaita kuti tekinoroji iyi iwedzere kukura, uye iko zvino yave kutora nzvimbo mumunda wemitambo nemidziyo yekurapa. Matatu-dimensional machira emhando anonyanya kukamurwa muzvikamu zvishanu, uye kune akawanda maumbirwo. Zvinogona kuoneka kuti nzvimbo yekusimudzira yemachira matatu-dimensional yakakura.
1.5.5 Mucheka wakaumbwa
Machira akaumbwa anoshandiswa kusimbisa zvinhu zvakaumbwa, uye chimiro chazvo chinotsamira zvakanyanya pachimiro chechinhu chinofanira kusimbiswa, uye, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuteerera, chinofanira kurukwa pamushini wakatsaurirwa. Mukugadzira, tinogona kugadzira symmetrical kana asymmetrical maumbirwo ane yakaderera mipimo uye yakanaka tarisiro.
1.5.6 Grooved core fabric
Kugadzirwa kwemucheka we groove core zvakare kuri nyore. Mitsara miviri yemachira inoiswa mukufanana, uyezve inobatanidzwa nemabhawa akatwasuka, uye nzvimbo dzawo dzakachinjika-chikamu dzinovimbiswa kuve dzakajairika katatu kana rectangles.
1.5.7 Fiberglass yakasonwa jira
Iro jira rakakosha, vanhu vanoridaidza zvakare kuti rakarukwa mat uye rakarukwa meti, asi harisi iro jira uye meti sezvatinozviziva nenzira yakajairika. Zvakakosha kutaura kuti kune jira rakasonwa, risina kuruka pamwe chete newap uye weft, asi rinopindirana rakaputirwa ne warp uye weft. :
1.5.8 Fiberglass insulating sleeve
Nzira yekugadzira iri nyore. Chekutanga, mamwe magirazi eshinda dzegirazi anosarudzwa, uye ipapo anorukwa kuita tubular chimiro. Zvino, zvinoenderana neyakasiyana giredhi yekudzivirira zvinodiwa, izvo zvinodikanwa zvigadzirwa zvinogadzirwa nekuzviputira neresin.
1.6 Girazi fiber musanganiswa
Nekukurumidza kusimudzira kwesainzi uye tekinoroji kuratidzwa, girazi fiber tekinoroji yakafambira mberi zvakanyanya, uye akasiyana egirazi fiber zvigadzirwa zvakaonekwa kubva 1970 kusvika ikozvino. Kazhinji pane zvinotevera:
(1) Meti yeshinda yakachekwa + isina kumonereka inotenderedza + shinda yakachekwa
(2) Jira rinotenderedza risina kumonyoroka + meta yeshinda yakachekwa
(3) Meti yetambo yakachekwa + tambo yetambo inoenderera + yakachekwa-chekwa tambo meti
(4) Random roving + akachekwa chepakutanga reshiyo mat
(5) Unidirectional kabhoni fiber + yakachekwa tambo mat kana jira
(6) Meti yepamusoro + tambo dzakachekwa
(7) Girazi jira + girazi tsvimbo yakaonda kana unidirectional roving + girazi jira
1.7 Girazi faibha risiri rakarukwa jira
Tekinoroji iyi haina kutanga kuwanikwa munyika mangu. Tekinoroji yekutanga yakagadzirwa muEurope. Gare gare, nekuda kwekutama kwevanhu, tekinoroji iyi yakaunzwa kuUnited States, South Korea nedzimwe nyika. Nekuda kusimudzira kusimukira kweindasitiri yegirazi fiber, nyika yangu yakagadzira mafekitori akati wandei uye yakaisa mari yakawanda mukugadzwa kwemitsara yakawanda yekugadzira yepamusoro. . Munyika yangu, girazi fiber nyoro-akaiswa mats anonyanya kukamurwa muzvikamu zvinotevera:
(1) Roofing mat inoita basa guru mukuvandudza zvinhu zveasphalt membranes uye mavara asphalt shingles, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanakisa.
(2) Pipe mat: Sezita, chigadzirwa ichi chinonyanya kushandiswa mumapaipi. Nekuti girazi faibha haidzivirirwe nekuora, inogona kudzivirira pombi kubva pakuora.
(3) Iyo yepamusoro mat inonyanya kushandiswa pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zveFRP kuti zvidzivirire.
(4) Meti yeveneer inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira madziro uye sirin'i nekuti inogona kuita kuti pendi isatsemuka. Inogona kuita kuti madziro awedzere uye haafaniri kuchekwa kwemakore akawanda.
(5) Floor mat inonyanya kushandiswa sechinhu chepasi muPVC pasi
(6) Meti yekapeti; sechinhu chepasi mumakapeti.
(7) Iyo copper clad laminate mat yakasungirirwa kune copper clad laminate inogona kuwedzera punching yayo uye kudhirowa kuita.
2 Yakananga mashandisirwo egirazi fiber
2.1 Kusimbisa nheyo yegirazi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri
Nheyo yegirazi faibha yakasimbiswa kongiri yakafanana neiyo yegirazi fiber reinforced composite zvinhu. Chokutanga pane zvose, kuwedzera girasi fiber kune konkrete, girasi fiber inotakura kushushikana kwemukati kwezvinhu, kuitira kunonoka kana kudzivirira kuwedzera kwe micro-cracks. Panguva yekuumbwa kwekongiri inoputika, zvinhu zvinoshanda sezvibatanidza zvinodzivirira kuitika kwekutsemuka. Kana iyo aggregate mhedzisiro yakanaka zvakakwana, makatsemuka haazokwanisi kuwedzera uye kupinda. Basa regirazi fiber mukongiri yakaunganidzwa, iyo inogona kudzivirira zvinobudirira chizvarwa uye kuwedzera kwekutsemuka. Kana kutsemuka kuchipararira kunharaunda yegirazi fiber, iyo girazi fiber inovhara kufambira mberi kwekutsemuka, nokudaro kumanikidza mutswe kuti utore nzira, uye zvakafanana, nzvimbo yekuwedzera yekutsemuka ichawedzerwa, saka simba rinodiwa kukanganisa kuchawedzerwawo.
2.2 Kuparadza nzira yegirazi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri
Pamberi pegirazi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri yapwanyika, simba rekusimba rainotakura rinonyanya kugovaniswa nekongiri uye girazi fiber. Munguva yekupwanya maitiro, kushushikana kuchaendeswa kubva kune kongiri kuenda kune iri padyo negirazi fiber. Kana iyo tensile simba ikaramba ichiwedzera, iyo girazi fiber ichave ichakuvadzwa, uye nzira dzekukuvadza dzinonyanya kukuvadzwa kwekugera, kukuvara kwetension, uye kudhonza-kubvisa kukuvara.
2.2.1 Kugera kukundikana
Kushungurudzika kweshear kunotakurwa negirazi fiber reinforced concrete inogoverwa negirazi fiber uye konkrete, uye shear stress ichaendeswa kune girasi fiber kuburikidza nekrete, kuitira kuti girasi fiber chimiro chikanganiswe. Zvisinei, girazi fiber ine zvakanakira zvayo. Iine hurefu hurefu uye nzvimbo duku yekudzivirira shear, saka kuvandudzwa kweshear resistance yegirazi fiber haina simba.
2.2.2 Tension kukundikana
Kana simba rekusimba regirazi fiber rakakura kupfuura imwe nhanho, iyo fiber yegirazi inoputsika. Kana kongiri ikatsemuka, girazi fiber inozonyanya kureba nekuda kwekureba kwekuchinja, vhoriyamu yaro yemashure inoderera, uye simba rekumanikidza rinoputika nekukurumidza.
2.2.3 Dhonza kukuvara
Kana kongiri yangotyoka, simba rekusimba regirazi fiber richawedzerwa zvakanyanya, uye simba rekusimba richave rakakura kudarika simba riri pakati pegirazi fiber nekongiri, kuitira kuti girazi fiber ikuvadzwe uye yobva yadhonzwa.
2.3 Flexural zvimiro zvegirazi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri
Kana kongiri yakasimbiswa inotakura mutoro, kushushikana-kunetsekana kwayo kunopatsanurwa kuita nhanho nhatu dzakasiyana kubva kune mechanical analysis, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo. Danho rekutanga: elastic deformation inoitika kutanga kusvika kutsemuka kwekutanga kwaitika. Chinhu chikuru cheichi nhanho ndechekuti deformation inowedzera mutsara kusvika point A, inomiririra yekutanga kutsemuka simba regirazi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri. Danho rechipiri: kana kongiri ikatsemuka, mutoro wainotakura uchaendeswa kune fiber dziri pedyo kuti itakure, uye simba rekutakura rinogadziriswa maererano negirazi fiber pachayo uye simba rekubatanidza nekrete. Point B ndiyo yekupedzisira flexural simba regirazi fiber reinforced kongiri. Danho rechitatu: kusvika pakusimba kwekupedzisira, girazi fiber inotsemuka kana kudhonzwa, uye mafiibhi asara anogona kuramba achitakura chikamu chemutoro kuona kuti brittle fracture haizoitike.
Taura nesu :
Nhamba yefoni:+8615823184699
Nhamba yefoni: +8602367853804
Email:marketing@frp-cqdj.com
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-06-2022
